5.Defense Documentary Evidence and Pre-Closing Rulings
111 lines(Witness excused)
THE COURT: Mr. Dratel.
MR. DRATEL: Yes.
I am just going to read what has been stipulated as coming in.
THE COURT: These are posts from the Silk Road forum, is that correct?
MR. DRATEL: Yes.
THE COURT: All right.
MR. DRATEL: DPR's first posting to the forum was June 18, 2011. At that time DPR's username on the forum was simply "SilkRoad."
MR. TURNER: Your Honor, may we have one moment?
THE COURT: Yes. Hold on one second, Mr. Dratel.
MR. TURNER: This document is already in the record your Honor as 125A.
THE COURT: All right. So do you want to point out 125A, Mr. -- let me just take a look at it, but it is already in evidence. We can do it either way. You are certainly welcome to point it out now, if you would like.
MR. DRATEL: That is a June 18, 2011 post from DPR with the username silkroad -- I'm sorry, it is from username silkroad. It is a June 18, 2011 post --
THE COURT: Do you want to just --
MR. DRATEL: -- by DPR.
THE COURT: Do you want to see the version that is in evidence? It might be helpful.
MR. DRATEL: OK.
THE COURT: Here. I can give you my hardcopy.
MR. DRATEL: OK. Thank you, your Honor.
THE COURT: (Handing to Mr. Dratel).
MR. DRATEL: June 18, 2011, at 1:44 a.m.
"Hey, gang,
"Really sorry for the dead time there. Hopefully most of you got the message on the bitcoin forum or at silkroadmarket.org. The only major change is this forum. We have it running on a separate server with its own url so if the main site ever goes down again, first check here for updates. Unfortunately this means we have separate logins for the main site and the forum.
"As we mentioned before, everything was backed up and totally restored, but if for some reason a deposit didn't make it into your account or something like that, just let us know and we'll track it down and credit you. Also, we're giving everyone a 4 day grace period on taking orders to the resolution center before they are auto-resolved, so sellers, you may see some orders past due for a few days.
"Thanks everyone for hanging in there with us. This work is scary and exciting all at the same time, and I'm really very happy to be on this journey with all of you.
"Cheers, Silk Road staff."
Another post, December 1, 2011, from the Silk Road staff. It says: "Silk Road now resides at a new more easily remembered URL" -- and I'll leave out the URL. "Please update your book marks and memorize it: Silk Road vb5piz3r.onion."
October 19, 2011, Silk Road staff posted a message as follows: "We're having to rebuild the site from a backup. There was no security breach or anything to worry about that led to this situation. Release server space in different locations around the globe through unaware third parties. We do this to hide the identities of those that run Silk Road in the event of a security breach in one of the servers. Unfortunately this means we have to deal with some unreliable people."
October 21, 2011, Silk Road staff posted: "The light at the end of the tunnel is getting bigger. We have a full capacity server online and are in the process of configuring it."
October 22, 2011, Silk Road staff posts: "The site just went live. The new server is more powerful and secure than the one we were on before the outage and at least through a more professional proxy. So I have high hopes that it will last us a long time."
MR. TURNER: Your Honor, could I just note for the record that most of that post is contained in 125E.
THE COURT: 125D --
MR. TURNER: Yes.
THE COURT: -- is also a record of the October 19th, 2011 post. Yes.
MR. DRATEL: Your Honor, I'm just going to return your copy. Thank you.
THE COURT: All right. Thanks.
MR. DRATEL: And there are two additional issues that I don't know that we have resolved yet with respect to defense exhibits.
THE COURT: The one that we spoke about?
MR. DRATEL: Yes and the other one.
THE COURT: We didn't resolve it?
MR. DRATEL: Well, we resolved it. I just -- should we have a sidebar?
THE COURT: OK. That's OK. Let me just sort of tell the ladies and gentlemen of the jury -- actually, you know what we'll do, we'll take a break. This is what we do, right, when we are within striking distance of a break and we are going to have a sidebar.
Let me tell you, ladies and gentlemen, of the jury that we are very close to the end of the evidentiary record. So I don't want you to talk to each other or anybody else about this case. If you use the breaks to look at any kind of news reports or anything else, make sure you do not read anything about this case. Take a break and we'll be back in a few minutes and we'll take it from there.
Thank you very much.
COURT CLERK: All rise as the jury leaves the courtroom.
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(Jury not present)
THE COURT: All right. Let's all be seated.
As I understand it, there are the three components that we had talked about. Were there other items which you had identified?
MR. DRATEL: Yes, your Honor. Just that --
THE COURT: Do you want to hand me the document?
MR. DRATEL: Sure.
THE COURT: Or is there language that you are suggesting we add?
MR. DRATEL: Yes. Well, let me try to -- I can hand you the document but I also kind of need this.
THE COURT: Actually, I realize I have a copy from earlier.
MR. DRATEL: OK.
THE COURT: Tell me the component that you are thinking of adding.
MR. DRATEL: Yes. One is that DPR was informed that the concentration was on the forum and administrators and moderators.
THE COURT: The "concentration." What do you mean by concentration?
MR. DRATEL: In other words, the investigation was focusing -- I'm taking it from the document directly -- focusing on the forum and your admin and mods. So rather than putting it in slang, administrators and moderators.
THE COURT: Let me get the other one and then we will talk about this.
MR. DRATEL: OK. There are references to Mr. Wonderful as one of the people who is conducting -- who was one of the undercovers.
That Mr. -- I'm sorry, that DPR is paying for the information.
THE COURT: All right. What else? Anything else?
MR. DRATEL: There have been efforts to DDos, distributed denial of service, the site and the forum.
THE COURT: That came in through the law enforcement investigation? Didn't he know about those? There is already evidence in the record about DDos attempts.
MR. DRATEL: Not -- he didn't have information that the government may have been responsible for it. I'm not saying that is true or not.
THE COURT: I know, but that is coming in for the truth, though.
MR. DRATEL: It is not come in for the truth. It is coming in for his state of mind as to what he is going to do after he learned this.
THE COURT: All right. Let me get the complete list.
MR. DRATEL: OK. There have been attempts to run exit nodes and track traffic across TOR, and that there also is a focus on bitcoin exchanges as part of the investigation.
THE COURT: Anything else?
MR. DRATEL: That's it, your Honor. I mean, obviously, we would like the whole document but this is --
THE COURT: I understand.
Mr. Turner.
MR. TURNER: We would have no objection to the first change about administrators and moderators. Everything else we would object to for the reasons stated in camera.
MR. DRATEL: That he was paying for it?
THE COURT: Let me just tell you what I think is within the scope of what I believe is appropriate and straddles the lines between the hearsay issues and the 403 issues, which are the three statements that we had previously talked about: That DPR learned in the spring of 2013 that law enforcement was investigating Silk Road and attempting to identify DPR.
Number two, that on Ross Ulbricht's laptop there was a multipage document entitled "LE Counterintelligence," which the parties agree means "law enforcement counterintelligence."
Three. This document contains communications to DPR about a variety of information relating to purported ongoing law enforcement efforts with respect to Silk Road and DPR.
Four -- these are new -- DPR learned that the investigation included the forum, administrators and moderators, and bitcoin exchanges.
And, five, DPR was providing payment for the information. Full stop.
MR. TURNER: We'd object to the mention of bitcoin exchanges, your Honor, for the reasons we've stated.
THE COURT: All right. I think that in terms of bitcoin exchanges, let me be clear. That is not to be confused with a reference to Mr. Karpeles, but to the extent that there was investigation as to whether or not the movement of funds could be a focus of the investigation and might give some indication as to anything having to do with Silk Road, I think that that is just part and parcel of what was being investigated. Whether or not it caused a reaction by DPR is, I think, entirely different. So I'm not suggesting that the Karpeles, Mount Gox piece is incorporated in that.
MR. TURNER: I understand your Honor is not suggesting that, but I think that is a suggestion that is going to be made to the jury and it is based on hearsay and it is --
THE COURT: Well, I think that the fact that it included bitcoin exchanges is fact, right?
MR. DRATEL: Yes.
THE COURT: And you can't use from that, Mr. Dratel -- just so that we're clear, you can't extrapolate from that that Mr. Karpeles did it.
MR. DRATEL: I will not use it in connection with Mr. Karpeles, your Honor.
THE COURT: All right. That's what I am going to allow.
All right. Do you have those down?
(Pause)
MR. DRATEL: No. I can read what the Court has written down, if that's OK, but -- your Honor, I took some of the notes --
THE COURT: You have my notes.
MR. DRATEL: Yes.
THE COURT: But I'm going to --
MR. DRATEL: I'm one of those jurors who don't like to take notes and listen at the same time.
THE COURT: Tell me if you can't decide on particularly the placement of the word "purported," and I think it should be introduced with "The parties have agreed to the following."
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MR. DRATEL: The only part I can't make out is it says "ongoing law enforcement efforts," I think it says "with respect to ID'ing Silk Road or DPR." Is that --
THE COURT: Silk Road and DPR; yes.
MR. DRATEL: Okay.
THE COURT: Now, there was a second item.
MR. DRATEL: Whether the government is going to stipulate with respect to Mr. Jones the stipulation that they proposed to me that I ultimately am unable to get the statement in --
THE COURT: What's your position?
MR. TURNER: No.
MR. DRATEL: I move for mistrial, your Honor, on that.
THE COURT: That does actually have the benefit of actually evening out the number of times you have moved for a mistrial. Between this trial and the last one we tried, the count makes it five movements, five applications denied. So that application is denied. My ruling is as it was previously and there's no basis to change it.
Here's what I'd like to ask you folks to do: We can bring the jury right out now, go through the one final thing and then take another short break before closings, or we can take our own short break right now, do the one final matter and go directly into closings.
Preferences?
MR. DRATEL: With respect to the last thing: I think that when the party offers a stipulation and the other party accepts it, it's not a question of asking the defendant to accept it and the defendant has to do it because that's a different issue. But when one party offers a stipulation and the other party accepts it, it's a stipulation, and they can't then withdraw it in a fit of pique.
THE COURT: These are contract principles in part. And there are lots of things which go into whether or not you have a binding agreement, and there is the old saying that it's not over 'til it's over, etc. You got to see the signature wet on the page, etc. There are some instances, but that's not the case. I'm not going to force the government into a stipulation. In the absence of a stipulation, it's hearsay.
MR. DRATEL: The government's email to me last night was take it or leave it, so I'm taking it and now they renege.
THE COURT: So be it.
Do you folks want to take a break right now and come back, and then we'll go from this last piece, which I think will take a minute or two, into the closings, which I think makes more sense because the jury is already breaking right now.
Are you ready?
MR. TURNER: Sure. Can we have a 15-minute break just to make sure we have all of the electronics lined up.
MR. DRATEL: I object.
THE COURT: Yes. The answer is yes. Over objection, the Court grants the application to set up the equipment.
Why don't you tell the jury that we'll resume at 11:30. We'll have the remaining matters at 11:30 and then straight into closing statements. Thank you.
(Recess)
(In open court; jury not present)
THE COURT: Just so you're all aware, we're going to start and go directly into the closings. When we get to 12:45, the closings after Mr. Dratel has completed what he's going to do, I will need to get a signal from you as to whether or not we should try to go 'til 1:00, if that's a more logical place to stop or we can stop at 12:45, but we need to break for lunch between 12:45. I suspect we'll be in the middle of something at that point or not quite done. If you have a preference as to when, just somehow make it clear if you can.
MR. TURNER: Okay.
THE COURT: If you keep going beyond 12:45, I'm going to let you go to 1:00, but then I'll stop you at 1:00.
MR. TURNER: If I have maybe five minutes left at 1:00 --
THE COURT: Then why don't you just tell me that. Say your Honor, I have a few more minutes left. And we have lunch brought in for the jury, so they will be fine with that to have you stop at that point.
MR. TURNER: Okay.
THE COURT: Let's bring out the jury.
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(In open court; jury present)
THE COURT: Thank you. Let's be seated. Mr. Dratel, you may proceed.
MR. DRATEL: Thank you, your Honor.
The parties have agreed to the following: DPR learned in the spring of 2013 that law enforcement was investigating Silk Road and attempting to identify DPR. There was a document -- withdrawn.
There was a multipage document on the Ross Ulbricht laptop titled "LE Counterintel," which the parties agree means law enforcement counterintelligence. This document contains communications to DPR about a variety of information relating to ongoing law enforcement efforts with respect to Silk Road and DPR. DPR learned that the investigation included the forum administrators and moderators and bitcoin exchanges. DPR was providing payment for the information.
Thank you, your Honor.
THE COURT: Is there anything further from the defense?
MR. DRATEL: No, your Honor. The defense rests.
THE COURT: Ladies and gentlemen, the evidentiary record in this matter is now closed. You have now heard all of the evidence in this matter. Let me just describe to you how we're going to proceed from here. We're now going to go directly into closing statements. I told you at the outset that there are two opportunities for the lawyers to address you directly. The first is during the opening statements when they give you an overview as to what they expect the evidence will show; and the second comes at the end of the case when they may argue to you as to what they believe the evidence that's in the record has shown. They will argue to you as to what inferences they think you should draw.
What the lawyers say is not evidence. The evidence is that which was received into evidence in this matter through the witnesses, through the documents during the trial.
During closings, as at any other point in time, what lawyers say is not evidence, with the sole exception as to when they are reciting a stipulation. But other than that, what lawyers say is not evidence. So your recollection of evidence and ultimately the inferences that you determine should be drawn from the evidence is what controls.
The closing statements will not be completed in their entirety before lunch. After all the closing statements are completed, I'll then charge you on the law and I'll be giving you a copy of the jury instructions to follow along with me and then you'll start your deliberations.
I don't know that you'll get to your deliberations today. It may be tomorrow morning. We'll have to see how things go and be a little bit fluid. All right. Thank you.
Mr. Turner.